In the first picture, there is an apple. In the second picture, there are some apples. In the third picture, there aren't any apples, but there are some oranges.
We use a/an for countable nouns. A/an means "one" and we cannot have one water, one milk. But we can have one apple, or an apple.
We use some when we want to talk about a number, maybe from five to ten.
We use any in negative sentences and questions.
Do you have any apples?
No, sorry. I'm afraid we don't have any apples.
Are there any strawberries in the fridge?
Is there any milk in the fridge?
Remember, use is for uncountable, singular nouns and are for countable, plural nouns.
Here are some exercises to help you practise:
1. https://elt.oup.com/student/englishfile/elementary/a_grammar/file07/grammar07_a01?cc=us&selLanguage=en
2. https://elt.oup.com/student/englishfile/elementary/a_grammar/file07/grammar07_a02?cc=us&selLanguage=en
3. https://elt.oup.com/student/result/engelem/a_grammar/unit06/6b_1?cc=gb&selLanguage=en
4. https://elt.oup.com/student/result/engelem/a_grammar/unit06/6b_2?cc=gb&selLanguage=en
5. https://elt.oup.com/student/result/engelem/a_grammar/unit06/6c_1?cc=gb&selLanguage=en
6. https://elt.oup.com/student/result/engelem/a_grammar/unit06/6c_2?cc=gb&selLanguage=en
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